The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) has identified nearly 200 immigration enforcement investigations in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) that may be linked to extortion, according to a new report by the federal watchdog.
Scope of the investigations
The report, released Wednesday by the CBSA's internal oversight body, reveals that between January 2024 and March 2026, the agency flagged 198 cases where individuals under investigation for immigration violations were also potential victims or perpetrators of extortion. The cases span a range of immigration-related offenses, including overstaying visas, working without authorization, and misrepresentation.
“These findings are deeply concerning and suggest that vulnerable individuals may be exploited by criminal networks,” said Michael MacDonald, chair of the CBSA's Independent Review Committee, in a statement. “We are working closely with law enforcement partners to address these threats.”
Extortion tactics and vulnerabilities
According to the report, extortion schemes often target newcomers who fear deportation or legal repercussions. Perpetrators may threaten to report victims to CBSA unless they pay money or provide services. In some cases, immigration consultants or employers have been implicated in demanding payments in exchange for continued employment or sponsorship.
The CBSA noted that many victims are reluctant to come forward due to fear of retaliation or loss of immigration status. The agency has since implemented training for officers to identify signs of coercion and has established a dedicated tip line for reporting extortion.
Response and next steps
The CBSA said it has referred 45 of the 198 cases to police for criminal investigation, while the remainder are being monitored. The agency also plans to launch a public awareness campaign to educate immigrants and temporary residents about their rights and how to report extortion.
“No one should have to choose between their safety and their immigration status,” said Immigration Minister Ahmed Hussen in a press conference. “We are committed to ensuring that our immigration system is fair and free from exploitation.”
