The debate surrounding Canada's potential purchase of the F-35 stealth fighter has intensified dramatically, becoming a central issue in Ottawa after a stark warning from the United States.
Diplomatic Pressure Escalates
U.S. Ambassador to Canada Pete Hoekstra has significantly raised the stakes by explicitly linking the future of a bilateral trade deal with Canada's decision on the fighter jet. Hoekstra has threatened that trade talks will not resume if Canada cancels its procurement of the U.S.-made F-35 aircraft.
This is not the first instance of U.S. displeasure. The ambassador had previously characterized Canada's review of the jet deal as an "irritant" in trade discussions. In a May 21 interview with CTV, Hoekstra went further, suggesting that a decision against the F-35 could even threaten the longstanding NORAD alliance between the two nations.
Canada's Procurement and Alternatives
The situation became charged after Prime Minister Mark Carney ordered a review of the F-35 purchase in mid-March. This move was prompted by broader threats against Canadian sovereignty from U.S. President Donald Trump.
To date, Canada has only financially committed to the first 16 jets out of a total planned order of 88 F-35s. These advanced stealth aircraft are manufactured by Lockheed Martin in Texas. The total cost of the program is immense, with an initial purchase and weapons cost of $27 billion and a long-term maintenance bill estimated at over $50 billion.
Meanwhile, Sweden is actively promoting its Saab Gripen fighter jet as an alternative. The Swedish offer includes significant industrial benefits for Canada and the possibility of a combined fleet. Swedish officials have adopted a notably different tone. Swedish Deputy Prime Minister Ebba Busch told CTV, "We do not threaten our way into a deal. We stand here with open arms, with a truly competitive proposition on the table." She pointed to Hoekstra's approach as an example of why the U.S. cannot be fully trusted.
Broader Implications and Fallout
The U.S. argues that Canada needs the F-35 to ensure seamless military coordination for the joint defence of North America. However, the substantial financial investment, which would largely flow to U.S. firms and support American jobs, is a significant underlying factor.
In response to the ambassador's statements, the Canadian government has remained measured. Officials have stated only that the Liberal government continues to review the F-35 purchase. The situation places Ottawa in a difficult position, balancing its defence needs and industrial policy against intense diplomatic and economic pressure from its closest ally.
