Ontario residents are being warned about an invasive species that is rapidly gaining a foothold in some southern Ontario waterways. The red swamp crayfish, native to the U.S. Gulf Coast and the Mississippi River basin, has been detected in localized areas, prompting concern from environmental authorities.
Aggressive Invader
According to the Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters (OFAH), this invasive species is considered a global invader and is highly destructive to wetlands and shorelines. It outcompetes native crayfishes and other aquatic wildlife, posing a significant threat to local ecosystems.
Last summer, the Invasive Species Awareness Program (ISAP) conducted a survey in Tilbury, Ontario, where more than 100 red swamp crayfish were found. While the province states that the species has not yet been established in Ontario waters, it is recognized as a serious threat to native species. The OFAH also reports that the species has been found in Mississauga’s Lake Aquitaine.
Rapid Reproduction
Females of this species may carry between 100 to 500 fertilized eggs under their tails, allowing populations to grow quickly. Described as aggressive, these crayfish thrive in freshwater habitats with muddy or sandy bottoms and abundant organic debris.
Identification and Legal Status
The OFAH, ISAP, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada provide an online resource to help distinguish between native and non-native crayfish. It is illegal to import, possess, deposit, release, transport, breed, buy, sell, lease, or trade red swamp crayfish in Ontario.
Provincial Investment
On Monday at Lake Simcoe, the province announced a $2 million investment to help municipalities, Indigenous communities, conservation authorities, and local organizations combat the spread of invasive species. Dawn Gallagher Murphy, Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of Natural Resources, stated, “From early invasive species detection to on-the-ground management, this investment is helping communities across the province protect the natural spaces we all rely on and enjoy.”
This announcement is part of a three-year, $16-million provincial investment to fight invasive species. The Ontario Invasive Species Act currently lists 42 species, four groups, one family, and two carriers as invasive, providing legislative tools to prohibit and restrict them.
Highest Number in Canada
Ontario has the highest number of invasive species in Canada. Once established, invasive species can harm the natural environment and are extremely difficult and costly to control or remove. Mike Harris, Minister of Natural Resources, emphasized, “The best way to protect Ontario from invasive species is by preventing them from spreading. That’s why our government continues to invest and give communities the tools they need to keep our waterways and forests safe for families across Ontario to enjoy.”
If you suspect you have found a red swamp crayfish, report it by calling the Invading Species Hotline at 1-800-563-7711.
